The Nexus between agency theory and corporate governance Essay

The Nexus between organization hypothesis and corporate administration - Essay Example This exposition attempts to clarify the organization hypothesis and corporate administration in the current day condition. Financial specialists as of late are increasingly occupied to the wonder of association. The as of late figured association hypothesis organization hypothesis is unique in relation to the ones which existed before. Fama (1980) centered at the conceivable administrative work market to control and guide singular dynamic practicality. Generally all these different explanations are translated dependent on a couple of straightforward presumptions. These suppositions as indicated by Donaldson (1990) are interpreted as a 'hypothesis of intrigue, inspiration and compliance'.Specifically, office hypothesis is aimed at the omnipresent relationship, wherein one gathering (the head) delegates work to another (the operator), who plays out that work. Office hypothesis endeavors to portray this relationship utilizing the analogy of an agreement (Eisenhardt, 1989: p58).The neocl assical school examinations the person who attempts to amplify or at all to fulfill their utility among work and downtime. This mix of accepted freedom and childish excitement that is hazardous inside the relationship of specialist and head. As far as corporate administration the investor is the head. The issue emerges because of the partition of possession and control.According to Jill Solomon (2007) the inability to corporate administration and corporate fold can occur in the firmest organization. It is conceivable to allure the Investors, banks and representatives through an organization's notoriety and accomplishment. This can even go ahead despite any potential risks. On the off chance that the operators of monetary responsibility were scholarly people, as it is an unquestionable requirement dependent on the financial and fund hypothesis, this type of blindness would never happen. In any case, the issue is that it happens, financial specialists carry on reasonably not generally , and the variables of human conduct and brain science are precarious to fit in a money structure or a monetary speculation. Instances of nonsensical conduct in the UK during the 1980s were that of Polly Peck and Coloroll. This was a situation when the entrepreneur discovered significant data identifying with unexpected liabilities were absent from the records of these organizations (Smith et each of the, 1992). Contrasts among administrators and shareowners Office hypothesis raises a fundamental issue in associations and that is self-intrigued direct. The chiefs of a company typically have their own objectives which frequently go across streets with the owner's objective of expanding investor riches. As the investors offer influence to the directors to deal with the association's riches, an imminent distinction of sentiment emerges between the two gatherings. Office Cost How does the specialist that is the organization executives serve the vital that is the investors is the issue. The arrangement lies in tolerating specific organization costs. These expenses include either in creating motivations or affirm which change official vanity with the worries of investors. Or, in all likelihood they might be associated with overseeing official conduct so as to control their personal circumstance. This prompted the improvement of the quantity of non-administrators on the organization sheets. Additionally it brought about enlarged course of action of their capacity and contemplations of opportunity, prompting changes everywhere throughout the world. The partition of the part played by the CEO and that played by the non-official has been made a piece of this change. The foundation of review, pay, and proposals boards of trustees is really free non-administrators designated to guarantee the correct utilization of the motivating forces and furthermore to check the exhibition of the officials. These inward controls

The Potao Famine Gone But Not Forgotten free essay sample

The Potao Famine: Gone But Not Forgotten Essay, Research Paper A hundred and fifty mature ages prior in September, 1845, the Dublin neighborhood paper # 8220 ; Dublin Evening Post # 8221 ; , revealed a # 8220 ; ailment in the murphy collect # 8221 ; . This ended up being the murphy curse which demolished 40 % of the reap that twelvemonth and around 100 % the accompanying twelvemonth. The devatation was known as # 8220 ; The Great Hunger # 8221 ; and brought about expansive spread famishment and mass out-relocation to Britain and the Americas. As a result, the populace declined from @ 8,295,000 to less so 6,000,000 of every a couple of mature ages. In 1845 a fungous infection called the late scourge, showed up in the Irish murphy gather with obliterating outcomes. The late scourge shows itself in any part of the works. Staining of the foliages accompainied by wool form is once in a while the primary imprint. The tubers may other than be tainted in the feild or away, with stain of the covering, with a rosy earthy colored dry rot augmenting to the tuber. We will compose a custom article test on The Potao Famine Gone But Not Forgotten or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Later a foul, nauseating smelling rot may destruct the tuber. It is currently realized that the scourge is brought about by the growth Phytophtora infestans an Oomycete which Bel ; ongs to the family unit Pythiaceae. This species is described by coenocytic mycelium and theproduction of biflagellate, motile zoospores. The organism is heterothallic and can replicate explicitly within the sight of a contrary coupling type. Sexual multiplication follows preparation of an oogonium by an antheridium resulting in the creation of an oospore. Overwintering can be in the signifier of resting mtcelium or oospores. In the wake of growing both will follow in the creation of spore case which can shoot straight by offices of a germ tubing or in a roundabout way by offices of the motile zoospores. Germination is trailed by encystment and appresorium arrangement. Phytohphtora infestans other than influenced potato gathers in the nor-east United States and Southern Canada each piece great as a lot of western Europe iin add-on to Ireland in 1845, however the impacts were no place near each piece devestating as in Ireland on the grounds that in those topographic focuses the eating routine was significantly more expanded and the individuals were non so subject to the murphy. Despite the fact that it happened 150 mature ages prior, the Irish have non overlooked # 8221 ; The Great Hunger # 8221 ; . On account of the impact of conditions on the developement and spread of the late scourge, the Irish Meterological Services keeps on airing alerts of conditions prefering the spread of murphy curse. Besides, the Irish individuals have increased a notoriety for loaning powers and assets in aread of the universe directly standing up to lack, great messed up with regards to the size and financial arrangement of their little island.

The Different Types of Psychoactive Drugs

The Different Types of Psychoactive Drugs Addiction Drug Use Hallucinogens Print The Different Types of Psychoactive Drugs By Elizabeth Hartney, BSc., MSc., MA, PhD Elizabeth Hartney, BSc, MSc, MA, PhD is a psychologist, professor, and Director of the Centre for Health Leadership and Research at Royal Roads University, Canada. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Hartney, BSc., MSc., MA, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on October 14, 2019 Doug Schneider Photography/Photolibrary/Getty Images More in Addiction Drug Use Hallucinogens Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Opioids Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery Psychoactive, also called psychotropic, is a term that is applied to chemical substances that change a persons mental state by affecting the way the brain and nervous system work. This can lead to intoxication, which is often the main reason people choose to take psychoactive drugs. The changes in brain function experienced by people who use psychoactive substances affect their perceptions, moods, and/or consciousness. Psychoactive substances are found in  a number of medications as well as in alcohol, illegal and recreational drugs, and some plants and even animals.  Alcohol and caffeine are psychoactive drugs that people most commonly use to alter their mental state. These drugs are legally available, but can still be physically and psychologically harmful if taken to excess. Usually, people decide when and how they want to use psychoactive drugs. In some situations, however, psychoactive drugs are used to alter someones mental state in order to exploit the person. A common example of this is the date-rape drug Rohypnol, which is illegal in the U.S. You should also be aware that taking prescribed psychoactive drugs in ways other than intended, for example, taking drugs which have been prescribed for someone else, even if they have been given to you, is illegal.?? Natural substances, such as hallucinogenic mushrooms and cacti, and the leaves, flowers, and buds of certain plants may also be psychoactive.??  Some people think that,  because these substances occur naturally, they are less harmful than manufactured drugs. However, that is not the case. For example, someone who uses a psychoactive plant to alter his or her mental state may have a higher risk of overdose or poisoning. The reason for this is because the person taking the substance has no control over the strength of the  plants  psychoactive substance or toxicity, as there is in manufactured drugs. The same is true of street drugs purchased from a drug dealer, which are typically cut with a variety of other psychoactive and filler substances, some of which may be harmful. A drug or medication thats termed psychoactive isnt necessarily addictive, although many are. How Are Psychoactive Drugs Classified? There are four ways in which psychoactive drugs are classified: By their common effects (effects they all have) in the brain and body -- for example, antidepressants, hypnotics (sleep aids), and medications used to treat conditions such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)By their likelihood to cause addiction (high to low)By their chemical structureBy U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration schedules I-V, which classify these drugs by the potential for abuse (I is highest, V is lowest)?? This article provides detail on psychoactive drugs common effects. The five groups of psychoactive drugs are stimulants, depressants, narcotics (opioids), hallucinogens, and, marijuana (cannabis). Stimulants. Examples of effects include heightened alertness, greater energy, excitability, improvement in mood that can reach euphoria, and bodily responses such as increased heart rate and blood pressure.   Examples of stimulants include caffeine, nicotine, amphetamines, and cocaine. Examples of the effects of excessive use of cocaine may include irritability, mood swings, hallucination, heart palpitations, chest pain, and even death.?? Depressants. Examples of effects include reduced feelings of tension, relief of anxiety, and muscle relaxation. With excessive use, effects may include clammy skin, slow and shallow breathing, a rapid and weak pulse, coma, and death.?? Examples of depressants include alcohol and tranquilizers such as benzodiazepines and barbiturates. Opioids. Almost all the drugs in this group are derived from morphine. Examples of their effects include pain relief, drowsiness, euphoria, confusion, and respiratory depression (slowed breathing that keeps the lungs from expanding fully and providing enough oxygen to the body). With excessive use, effects may include nausea and vomiting, convulsions, respiratory arrest, coma, and death.?? Examples of opioids include some painkillers, such as codeine, morphine, oxycodone, and heroin. Other over-the-counter painkillers, such as aspirin, acetaminophen, and ibuprofen, may not contain opioids. However, they can still cause health problems and overdose if taken excessively. Hallucinogens. Examples of effects include paranoia, depersonalization (a sense of not being real), hallucinations, erratic behavior, and increased blood pressure and heart rate. Effects of excessive use may include problems thinking and speaking, memory loss, depression, and weight loss. Medical emergencies seldom occur.??   Examples of hallucinogens include psilocybin from  mushrooms, acid (LSD), ketamine, phencyclidine (PCP), dextromethorphan, and peyote (mescaline). Marijuana (cannabis). Examples of the psychoactive effects of marijuana include changes in sensory perception; euphoria; relaxation; appetite changes; impaired memory, concentration, and coordination; and changes in blood pressure.?? Marijuana is the only drug in its class. Legal Highs (designer drugs). Legal highs are psychoactive substances which are sold as legal and safe ways to get high. They can be sold as stimulants, hallucinogenics, sedatives or a combination.?? As their chemical composition is often unknown, they present clear challenges to toxicologists, medical staff, and society. They include bath salts, mephedrone, W18, MXE, spice,  and many others.

Analysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein - 1554 Words

Madison Franklin English 203 Echols 20 October 2014 Revenge on Mankind In Mary Shelly’s Frankenstein, the being created by Victor Frankenstein has been cast out due to his horrid appearance and the gruesome way in which he came to be. The monster finds refuge in a hovel next to a small family living in Germany. One day he notices a leather satchel in the yard, he quickly gathers the satchel and its contents and returns to his hovel. The bag contained strictly books, one of them being John Milton’s â€Å"Paradise Lost†. After observing the family for some time, he attains the ability to read and speak. With this ability he reads all the books within the bag, and feels a profound connection between himself and Satan in â€Å"Paradise Lost†. Similar to the monster, Satan was cast out of heaven after betraying God by planning a revolt against him. Both characters were formed, cast out, and betrayed by their creators, due to differing circumstances. However, in the wake of their rejections they both vow revenge on mankind. Victor Frankenstein creates his creature in a makeshift laboratory that he constructed in his apartment. He gathered bits and pieces of body parts from multiple corpses to produce the ideal being. However, it caused Victor a great deal of agony to see the creature in its animate form. The creature was immediately cast out by Victor and fled from the apartment and into the forest. The creature seeks refuge in the hovel, and through a peephole in the wall;Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein1411 Words   |  6 PagesIn the early 1800s Mary Shelley set pen to a paper and started to develop a novel that little to her knowledge would become world renowned. In 1818 she finished and published the novel to sell to the European public. The novel caught the world off guard in the way that a female was able to write about such harsh, dark, and evil things in a European society whose authors like John Locke and Charles Montesquieu preached enlightenme nt, self exploration, and individualism all in an optimistic enablingRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein1615 Words   |  7 Pagesa whole and how accurate a depiction they might think it to be, they will miss out on many of the qualities of the painting that reside below the immediately apparent surface level. Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein is a text dedicated to expounding upon the dangers of such superficial analysis. In Frankenstein, Mary Shelley openly condemns the surface level and appearance oriented methodology under which the human mind operates. The very protagonist of the novel is inspired solely by reputation and howRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein 1758 Words   |  8 PagesFrankenstein was published over 200 years ago. Ever since it was published, it has been one of the most famous books known to literature. History.com Staff states that this book, by 21-year-old Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley, is frequently called the world’s first science fiction novel (History.com Staff). According to Wikipedia, Shelley was an English novelist. She was born August 30th, 1797. She died on February 1st, 1951 (Wikipedia). Shelley came up with the idea of Frankenstein as she andRead MoreBiblical Analysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein 1376 Words   |  6 PagesLiterature 16 November 2015 Biblical Analysis: Frankenstein Frankenstein by Mary Shelley often refers to the bible on a number of occasions. However, it is worth noting that many references used by Mary Shelley in Frankenstein can often be identified in Genesis. Much like Genesis, the story of Frankenstein is a viable creation story. The book of Genesis first explains the creation of man and woman, and also recounts the fall of humanity. Unlike Genesis, Frankenstein begins with the fall of humanityRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein And Frankenstein1410 Words   |  6 Pagescompassion and sympathy through the love of a person whom cares very deeply about them. In Frankenstein by Mary Shelley, the three main characters Robert Walton, Victor Frankenstein and Frankenstein (The Monster) are shown throughout the story, longing and in search for a companion. Throughout the story, the characters struggle with the battle of wanting either sympathy or compassion from a person or both. Mary Shelley shows the true indication of Human Nature by showing the importance of sympathy andRead MoreAnalysis of Mary Shelley ´s Frankenstein991 Words   |  4 Pagesalive. If it can learn, eventually speak, or came about because of another, it’s a person. The Creature of Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein is no exception. Victor’s creation needs nourishment, education, and morals, which should be provided by it’s creator, it’s parent, just like any other child. The way that needs of an individual are met shapes the outcome of their life. In her novel, Shelley demonstrates this impact that parents have on their child’s life through the contrasting upbringing of VictorRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein 1701 Words   |  7 Pages Frankenstein is a novel that is practically devoid of any female presence, yet author Mary Shelley pens a story that is lush with portrayals of feminine ideology. Throughout the course of this novel, the audience is introduced to three different female characters. The first is Elizabeth Lavenza— Victor Frankenstein’s wife. She is presented as a passive and weak woman who embodies the traditional role of women in the 19th century. Caroline Beaufort is present in the novel, but her role is limitedRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein 1038 Words   |  5 PagesAlexi Torres English III Dr. W.W. Allman December 1, 2015 Frankenstein In Mary Shelley’s, Frankenstein, she shows that good people can turn evil, but are not born this way. Humans being rude and isolating someone can make a person go insane and do things they are not proud of. Shelley shows this through the creature that Frankenstein creates and gives examples showing his evilness, but also shows that the creature tries to explain many times that he wants a friend and cannot find one becauseRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein 1088 Words   |  5 PagesCreature’s Argument In the novel, Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley, the Creature s only need is for a female companion, which he asks Victor Frankenstein his maker to create. Shelley shows the argument between the creature and Frankenstein. The creature says: I demand a creature of another sex, but as hideous as myself (Shelley 139). Shelley shows what the creature wants from Frankenstein and what his needs are. Shelley gives us an idea of the sympathy that Frankenstein might feel for the creature evenRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein 843 Words   |  4 PagesThe Wretch Frankenstein is a novel written by English author Mary Shelley about a peculiar scientist named Victor Frankenstein. Victor, who is a scientist endeavoring to make history, engenders a monstrous but attentive creature in an eccentric scientific experiment. The monster that he engenders faces abnegation and fear from his creator and society. The monster is the worst kind of scientific experiment gone awry. The creature has compassion for society but additionally wants to take revenge on

Essay on the Illusion of Escape in The Glass Menagerie

The Illusion of Escape in The Glass Menagerie In The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams, the characters exhibit a state of delusion that originates from their dissatisfaction with their lives. Tom seeks adventure in the movies. Amanda reminisces often about her days as a Southern Belle. Laura sits in a dream world with her glass collection, and Jim basks in the praises of his high school glory. In their respective ways, they demonstrate their restlessness. The quotation from Thoreau, The mass of men lead lives of the quiet desperation, applies to the characters in that they are all unhappy, but take no action to improve their situation in any significant way. Tom, as the narrator, explains to the audience the†¦show more content†¦Eventually he alleviates his distress of being in the warehouse where his creativity goes to waste by joining The Union of Merchant Seamen. Tom does not solve his problems; he runs from them. The guilt from deserting his family will always exist in his life, creating another source of eternal grief. Tom will never fully escape his two-by-four situation. While Amanda often regresses to the memories of better days, she is more level-headed than the remaining members of her family. A major source of irritation for her lies in her childrens inability to deal with their problems. She wants good lives for them, but is rebuffed when she endeavors to help. She fears for Lauras future because the girl finds so many activities she [cant] face. Laura becomes ill when pressured and cannot speak with people she does not know. Amanda cannot understand Lauras silliness over answering the door. Tom also distresses her by not taking his job and responsibility seriously. She fears that he will lose his job, and their family is already having economic difficulties. Despite all of her plans for the family, she knows their lives will be nothing but difficult, so she retreats into the past, telling stories of all of her gentlemen callers. Amanda is hiding from her worst fear that they will be eating the crust of humility all their [lives]. Playing worn records and arranging her glass figurines, Laura is the main quandary in the lives of Tom andShow MoreRelatedEssay on Illusions of Escape in The Glass Menagerie3142 Words   |  13 PagesIllusions of Escape in The Glass Menagerie      Ã‚  Ã‚   Tennessee Williams play The Glass Menagerie gives readers a look into a truly dysfunctional family.   At first it could seem as if their lives are anything but normal, but Amandas impulse to preserve her single-parent family seems as familiar as the morning newspaper (Presley 53).   The Wingfields are a typical family just struggling to get by.   Their problems, however, stem from their inability to effectively communicate with each other.  Read More Essay on the Symbolism of the Menagerie in The Glass Menagerie1002 Words   |  5 PagesThe Symbolism of the Menagerie in The Glass Menagerie      Ã‚   Tennessee Williams play, The Glass Menagerie, describes three separate characters, their dreams, and the harsh realities they face in a modern world.   The Glass Menagerie exposes the lost dreams of a southern family and their desperate struggle to escape reality. Williams use of symbols adds depth to the play. The glass menagerie itself is a symbol Williams uses to represent the broken lives of Amanda, Laura and Tom Wingfield andRead MoreThe Glass Menagerie By Tennessee Williams Essay1211 Words   |  5 PagesAlbert Einstein, a man of great wit and intellect is quoted as saying, â€Å"Reality is merely an illusion, albeit a very persistent one†. Could he mean that the concept of reality is nothing more than an imagined arena with society and our place in it being figments of our own design? Regardless of reality’s genesis or authenticity it is indeed persistent and inescapable. In his play, The Glass Menagerie, Tennessee Williams explores this notion of rea lity as a painful encroachment that all humans counteractRead MoreThe Glass Menagerie Drama Reaction Paper912 Words   |  4 PagesThe Glass Menagerie Drama Reaction Paper ENG 125 September 19, 2012 Heather Carlopio The Glass Menagerie In this week’s Drama literary composition The Glass Menagerie the author Tennessee Williams tells the story of a poor family of three living in a small apartment. The story takes place in the early 1900s and most of the scenes take place in their apartment. The drama was set from the beginning of the story when the author first determines that Laura has a disability, and she is unsureRead MoreLiterary Appreciation Essay1347 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿GEAS2103 Literary Appreciation: Term Essay Outline CUI KE JUN, April (13635670) Essay topic: Compare and contrast the conflicts faced by the protagonists in the two texts. Discuss how they are forced to submit to their parents. In literature, the conflict moves the story forward. When the story is to end the protagonist’s favor, the conflict occurs. It is what the major character must face with and hopefully defeat. What behind conflict is want. The author always creates situations where the charactersRead MoreA Shattered Myth in The Glass Menagerie Essay2485 Words   |  10 PagesWilliamss play The Glass Menagerie, we are introduced to a young lady named Laura. Being shy, to an extreme, Laura lives in a world of her own making. It is a socially limited world where she is safe from all lifes painful embarrassments. Laura has wrapped herself in a blanket of protection within the walls of her familys lower middle-class apartment. There in her protected fortress she cares for her collection of glass animals, a collection her mother calls the glass menagerie. There is a consistentRead More Dreams of Escape in The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams2189 Words   |  9 Pages     Ã‚   In The Glass Menagerie, Tennessee Williams presents us with four characters whose lives seem to consist in avoiding reality more than facing it. Amanda lives her life through her children and clings to her lost youthfulness. Tom retreats into movie theaters and into his dream of joining the merchant seamen and some day becoming a published poet. Laura resorts to her Victrola and collection of glass ornaments to help sustain her world of fantasy. Finally, Jim is only able to find some reliefRead More Dreams and Escape in The Glass Menagerie Essay2243 Words   |  9 PagesDreams and Escape in The Glass Menagerie    None of the characters in The Glass Menagerie is capable of living in the present. Everyday life is so oppressive that each character, through their dreams, retreats into a fantasy world. This essay will examine the reality faced by Amanda, Tom, Laura and Jim and probe how, through their dreams, each character attempts to transcend reality. Amanda, having lost her husband and having to take care of her two children, namely Tom and LauraRead MoreTenessee Williams The Glass Menagerie1957 Words   |  8 Pages TThis essay will discuss the metaphors associated with the characters in The Glass Menagerie and how each of these metaphors represents a fragment of the American Dream. She is like a piece of her glass collection, too fragile to be brought into the real world without being devastated. Because of her sensibility, she has avoided dealing with people for so long that when she finally tries to socialise with Jim, she fails to see that she is being manipulated. Amanda is a faded Southern belle whoRead MoreSymbolism In The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams Essay1827 Words   |  8 PagesTennessee Williams, The Glass Menagerie, is a play that evokes great sympathy and in some cases, empathy for a protagonist who struggles to overcome two opposing forces; his responsibilities and his desires. There are many symbols and non-liner references that contribute to the development of characterization, dramatic tensions and the narrative. This essay will examine in detail, the aspects of th e play that contribute to the development of the above mentioned elements. In Toms opening addresses

Aristotle and George Boole Free Essays

Aristotle and George Boole contributed to the progression in mathematics and logic with their findings. Plato’s most influential student, Aristotle, job was to be a puzzle solver mostly for metaphysical phenomena and some of his works are more solid and structured prior analytics. He learned from Plato and later taught his understanding of logic, reasoning, and debate at his peripatetic school. We will write a custom essay sample on Aristotle and George Boole or any similar topic only for you Order Now He wanted to systematize each set of knowledge into certain rules and marking and ordering things. By doing this, he was able to create abstract timeless labels. It is from this that he was able to create laws of thought known as logical absolutes. The mechanistic movement in the late years of the Renaissance made Aristotle create a distinct line between the physical sciences and mathematics. Aristotle considered the knowledge of geometry and arithmetic calculations to be the most important of the mathematical sciences. Aristotle considers that most mathematical theorems to have the idea of A and C with a middle value B, which lies between A and C that helps intertwine and create a connection between the three. He was able to formulate this from his success of the logical theory. The first fundamental principle of predication is identity. This means that an object will act accordingly to the actions of that object. For example, a ball will have the characteristics of a ball. It will not be able to swim like a fish. The second fundamental principle of prediction is the law of non-contradiction. Meaning that it is impossible for an object to be a certain way and not be that certain way at the same time. The third principle is the law of excluded middle, which means an object needs to either be or not be. It can’t partially be. The first person known to suggest these ideas was the pre-Socratic philosopher Parmenides of Elea who said, â€Å"Never will this prevail, that what is not is†. Aristotle applied this idea to the natural world around him. He observed that an object, tree couldn’t also be a flower. It couldn’t be a tree and not a tree simultaneously as well. Aristotle geometric propositions are that angles at the base of an isosceles triangle are equal, angles about a point are two right angles, if two straight-lines are parallel and a straight-line intersects them, the interior angle is equal to the exterior angle, if a straight-line intersects two straight-lines and makes interior or exterior angles equal to two right angles on the same side with each, then the lines are parallel, but it is possibly the weaker theorem that each angle formed by the intersecting line is right, rather than their sum equals two right angles. More of Aristotle’s propositions include, the locus of points formed by taking lines in a given ratio (not 1 to 1 ratio) from two given points constitute a circle The shape of a square is unaltered when a gnomon is added, but a rectangle’s shape is altered, where a gnomon has the shape of a carpenter’s square; about a unit you add three units to get a 2 by 2 square, and about two units you add four units to get a 3 by 2 square, and Two spheres rotating in different directions, with one carrying the other, produce a non-uniform motion. George Boole converted logic to mathematics. He is best known for â€Å"The Mathematical Analysis of Logic†, being an essay towards a calculus of deductive reasoning in 1847 and â€Å"The Laws of Thought† in 1854. Regular number algebra has the basic operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division while Boolean algebra works on Boolean variables, true and false. The Boolean operations include and, or, and not. Boole was able to show how the symbols of quantity can be separated from those of operation. With Boole began the algebra of logic (Boolean algebra) in 1847. Boole’s original general symbolic method of logical inference, as explained in his, â€Å"Laws of Thought†, draws solutions that are logically contained in the properties. He tried to create a general method in probabilities, which would make it possible the determine the consequent probability of another even that logically connected with the present events of a probability. Boole’s abstruse reasoning has led to applications like the telephone switch and electronic computers use binary digits and logical elements that rely on Boolean logic for their design and operation. Both Aristotle and George Boole contributed to mathematics and its power to better understand the world around us through analytical, geometrical, psychological, and logical way. Their discoveries and ideas helped the world to better understand the systematic actions of the universe. How to cite Aristotle and George Boole, Papers

Study for Final Essay Example

Study for Final Essay 1. Under which of the following circumstances will the seller pay the whole of an excise (per unit) tax? a)when the tax is collected from the buyer b)when the supply curve has a zero elasticity c)when the demand curve has a zero elasticity d)when the tax is collected from the seller The following three questions refer to the accompanying diagram of a competitive market. Refer to Figure 3 above. A per unit tax is imposed on consumers. The initial price and quantity are P0 and Q0, respectively. After the tax is imposed, the equilibrium quantity is Q1, firms receive the price Ps, and consumers pay the price Pd. . Area C + D + F + G is a)the tax revenue collected by the government b)the total value that consumers receive from their purchases c)the fall in producers surplus d)the deadweight loss due to the tax 3. Refer to Figure 3 above. Which is the deadweight loss from the imposition of the tax? a)E b)E + H c)H d)J e)E + H + J 4. In the perfectly competitive firm a)the demand curve appe ars to be horizontal b)the supply curve appears to be horizontal c)the supply curve is the MC curve above average variable costs d)the supply curve is the MC curve above average fixed costs e)a and c of the above . For a firm in short run perfectly competitive equilibrium a)P=MC b)AR=MC c)AR=MR d)all of the above e)a and b of the above 6. In short run perfectly competitive equilibrium, profits for the typical firm are given by (* indicate the value at the firm’s profit maximizing quantity) a)(P*-MC*)q* b)(P*-AC*)q* c)(MR*-AC*)q* d)(MC*-AC*)q* e)all but a above 7. A firm that is in short run competitive equilibrium and for whom PAVC a)will produce a zero output b)will leave the industry c)will produce the profit maximizing output d)a and c of the above e)none of the above 8. When a simple monopolist – no price discrimination chooses to sell an additional unit of a good or service a)marginal revenue will be equal to the going market price b)it will have to lower its price on the additional unit and on all other units c)marginal revenue will always be negative d)marginal revenue will be less than the price e)b and d QuantityPriceTotal RevenueAverage RevenueMarginal Revenue 135 35 2 6432 29 329 4 17 523 11 6120 717 -1 8 -7 9 9911-13 9. If the monopolist wants to maximize its revenue, how many units of its product should it sell? a)4 b)5 c)6 d)8 10. Assume this monopolists marginal cost is constant at $11. What quantity of output (Q) will it produce and what price (P) will it charge? a)Q = 4, P = $27 b)Q = 4, P = $25 c)Q = 5, P = $23 d)Q = 7, P = $17 Suppose that the industry price of this product is $12 in a competitive industry. Every firm in the industry has fixed costs of $10 and has the following marginal cost s: Quantity Marginal Cost 1 $4 2 6 3 8 4 10 5 12 11. How many units does a firm produce? a)2 b)3 c)4 d)5 e)Not enough information 12. How much profit does the firm earn? a)2 b)6 c)8 d)10 e)Not enough information We will write a custom essay sample on Study for Final specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Study for Final specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Study for Final specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

The Rivals Nicholas and Absalon Essays

The Rivals Nicholas and Absalon Essays The Rivals Nicholas and Absalon Essay The Rivals Nicholas and Absalon Essay With reference to lines 91-112 and 163-290, how are the rivals Nicholas and Absalon presented to us by Chaucer in this section? Focus on Chaucers use of language and detail to present this contrast? Nicholas and Absalon become rivals in the Millers parody of the Knights tale, fighting for the love of the wife of the carpenter, Alison. The contrast between Absalons vivacious character and appearance with Nicholas cunning and quick- wittedness create two opposing characters to represent the aspects of courtly love, yet adapt it to create a comical parody.Chaucer makes clever use of language and diction through the presentation of his characters actions and behaviour. He also uses the aid of his own opinion of his characters laid subtlety behind the Millers views of the two rivals in his tale. The initial detail the reader receives about Absalon is his appearance, whereas in Nicholas case it is the details of his room portraying his lifestyle, which revolves around the seduction of women.The only information we are given about Nicholas appearance is lyk a maiden meek for to see suggesting his girlish attractive looks, freshness and youth. In contrast, Absalons looks and clothes are described in great detail to portray his vanity and flamboyancy. His Poules window corven on his shoes draws focus to the intricate details of his appearance so that the reader is required to take into account Absalons intense care for his looks.His curly blonde hair is fashioned into an extravagant fan shape; strouted as a fanne large and brode that displays his desire to keep up with the fashion, and the blonde curls create a sense of childlike innocence. His clothing also supports his flamboyancy, Ycald he was ful smal and proprely with red stocking, a blue tunic which was lavishly fastened. His behaviour is presented as jolif was and gay. He sings with a high-pitched voice in a quinible, which is usually associated with female voices expressing his femininity.Much of his behaviour is suggested to be feminine in his vanity and his actions. His squeamishness of rude language and body gases, squeamous of farting and of speche daungerous portrays his dainty and fastidious attitude. Absalon is presented as a child-like character, and is patronised by the Miller. This is suggested through his high-spirited attitude as he dances to his rubible as well as his merry appearance. His fiddle contrasts to Nicholas elegant harp, which he plays to women to seduce them.Nicholas character is first presented through his bedroom, which has one particular purpose. His objects that are displayed within it build up and introduce the character of Nicholas through his interests and learned skills. His collection of specialist books and astrelabie equipment suggest his intelligence and scholarly abilities. His elegant harp contrasts with Absalons low-grade inferior fiddle. Nicholas skills from university education also contrast with Absalons practical skills in operations, legal conveyances and cutting hair as a barber.

The Brief History of Transportation

The Brief History of Transportation Whether on land or at sea, humans early on successfully sought to go forth more efficiently by taking advantage of transport systems mother nature already had in place. The earliest examples of such resourcefulness are boats. Those who colonized Australia roughly 60,000 to 40,000 years ago have been credited as the first people to cross the sea, though there is some evidence that early man carried out seafaring trips as far back as 900,000 years ago. Early Boats and Horses In any case, the earliest known boats were simple logboats, also referred to as dugouts. Evidence for these floating vehicles come from excavations of artifacts that date back to around 7,000 to 10,000 years ago. The Pesse canoe is the oldest boat unearthed and dates as far back as 7600 BCE. Rafts have been around nearly as long, with artifacts showing them in use for at least 8,000 years.  Ã‚   Next, came horses. While it’s difficult to pinpoint when humans first began domesticating them as a means of getting around or to transport goods, experts generally go by the emergence of certain biological and cultural markers that indicate when such practices started to take place. Based on changes in teeth records, butchering activities, shifts in settlement patterns, historic depictions and many other factors, experts believe that domestication took place around 4000 BCE. Roughly around that period, someone invented the wheel finally. The archaeological record shows that the first wheeled vehicles were in use around 3500 BC, with evidence of the existence of such contraptions found in Mesopotamia, the Northern Caucuses and Central Europe. The earliest well-dated artifact from that time period is the Bronocice pot, a ceramic vase that depicts a four-wheeled wagon that featured two axles. It was unearthed in southern Poland. Steam Machines: Steamboats, Automobiles, and Locomotives The Watt steam engine, invented in 1769, changed everything. Boats were among the first to take advantage of steam-generated power. In 1783, a French inventor by the name of Claude de Jouffroy built the Pyroscaphe, the world’s first steamship. But despite successfully making trips up and down the river and carrying passengers as part of a demonstration, there wasn’t enough interest to fund further development. While other inventors tried to make steamships that were practical enough for mass transport, it was American Robert Fulton who furthered the technology to where it was commercially viable. In 1807, the Clermont completed a 150-mile trip from New York City to Albany that took 32 hours, with the average speed clocking in at about five miles per hour. Within a few years, Fulton and company would offer regular and freight service between New Orleans, Louisiana, and Natchez, Mississippi. In 1769, another Frenchman named Nicolas Joseph Cugnot attempted to adapt steam engine technology to a road vehicle and the result was the invention of the first automobile. The heavy engine added so much weight to the vehicle that it was ultimately too impractical for something that had a top speed of two and  ½ miles an hour. Another effort to repurpose the steam engine for a different means of personal transport resulted in the Roper Steam Velocipede. Developed in 1867, the two-wheeled steam-powered bicycle is considered by many historians to be the world’s first motorcycle.   It wasn’t until 1858 that Jean Joseph Étienne Lenoir of Belgium invented the internal combustion engine. Even though his subsequent invention, the first gasoline-powered automobile, technically did work, credit for the first â€Å"practical† gasoline-powered car goes to Karl Benz for the patent he filed in 1886. Still, up until the 20th century, cars were not a widely adopted means of transport. One mode of land transport powered by a steam engine that did go mainstream is the locomotive. In 1801, British inventor Richard Trevithick unveiled the world’s first road locomotive, called the â€Å"Puffing Devil,† and used it to give six passengers a ride to a nearby village. It was in 1804 though that Trevithick demonstrated for the first time a locomotive that ran on rails when another one he built hauled 10 tons of iron to the community of Penydarren in Wales to a small village called Abercynon. It took another fellow Brit, a civil and mechanical engineer named George Stephenson, to turn locomotives into a form of mass transport. In 1812, Matthew Murray of Holbeck had designed and built the first commercially successful steam locomotive â€Å"The Salamanca† and Stephenson wanted to take the technology a step further. So in 1814, Stephenson designed the Blà ¼cher, an eight wagon locomotive capable of hauling 30 tons of coal uphill at a speed of four miles per hour. By 1824, Stephenson improved the efficiency on his locomotive designs to where he was commissioned by the Stockton and Darlington Railway to build the first steam locomotive to carry passengers on a public rail line, the aptly named Locomotion No. 1. Six years later, he opened the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, the first public inter-city railway line serviced by steam locomotives. His notable accomplishments also include establishing the standard for rail spacing for most of the railways in use today. No wonder he’s been hailed as Father of Railways. Modern Machines: submarines, aircraft, and spacecraft Technically speaking, the first navigable submarine was invented in 1620 by Dutchman Cornelis Drebbel. Built for the English Royal Navy, Drebbel’s submarine could stay submerged for up to three hours and was propelled by oars. However, the submarine was never used in combat and it wasn’t until toward the turn of the 20th century that designs leading to practical and widely-used submersible vehicles were realized. Along the way, there were important milestones such as the launching of the hand-powered, egg-shaped Turtle in 1776, the first military submarine used in combat as well as the launching of the French Navy submarine Plongeur, the first mechanically powered submarine. Finally, in 1888, the Spanish navy launched the Peral submarine, the first electric battery-powered submarine, which also so happened to be the first fully capable military submarine. Built by Spanish engineer and sailor named Isaac Peral, it was equipped with a torpedo tube, two torpedoes, an air regeneration system, the first fully reliable underwater navigation system and posted an underwater speed of 3.5 mph. The start of the twentieth century was truly the dawn of a new era as two American brothers, Orville and Wilbur Wright, pulled off the first official powered flight in 1903. In essence, they had invented the world’s first airplane. Transport via aircraft took off from there with airplanes being put into service within a few short years during World War I. In 1919, British aviators John Alcock and Arthur Brown completed the first transatlantic flight, crossing from Canada to Ireland. The same year, passengers were able to fly internationally for the first time. Around the same time that the Wright brothers were taking flight, French inventor Paul Cornu started developing a rotorcraft. And on November 13, 1907, his Cornu helicopter, made of little more than some tubing, an engine, and rotary wings, achieved a lift height of about one foot while staying airborne for about 20 seconds. With that, Cornu would lay claim to having piloted the first helicopter flight. It didn’t take long after air travel took off for humans to start seriously considering the possibility of going further up and toward the heavens. The Soviet Union surprised much of the western world in 1957 with its successful launch of sputnik, the first satellite to reach outer space. Four years later, the Russians followed that up by sending the first human, pilot Yuri Gagaran, into outer space aboard the Vostok 1. The achievements would spark a â€Å"space race† between the Soviet Union and the United States that culminated in the Americans taking what’s perhaps the biggest victory lap among national rivals. On July 20, 1969, the Lunar module of the Apollo spacecraft, carrying astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin, touched down on the surface of the moon. The event, which was broadcast on live TV to the rest of the world, allowed millions to witness the moment Armstrong became the first man to ever step foot on the moon, a moment he heralded as â€Å"one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.†

The UK Food Retail Sector Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The UK Food Retail Sector - Essay Example Narver, J.C. & Slater, S.F. (1990) The effect of a market orientation on business profitability, Journal of Marketing 54(5) pp.20-35. A substantive journal resource that also describes the methodology behind delivering superior value to customers by attaining a market orientation. The article has strengths to support the changes occurring in the UK food sector as it describes how to disseminate information relating to customers and competition and what actions to take to ensure manifestation of total customer value. The authors link knowledge with business processes to describe market orientation and their potential effects on industry profitability with the customer always the focus of business changes. Smith, N. (2009) Vertical focus food retail: delivering the goods, New Media Age London. 28 May, p.17. A substantive and popular media source that focuses specifically on food retailing and the competitive activities of Tesco, Sainsbury’s and Asda as they operate in this oligo poly. The article maintains strengths to support knowledge regarding the food sector by describing the unique differentiation strategies of the supermarkets that either build or remove market share against competition. There is a specific focus on pricing strategies for the major food retailers related to consumer sentiment and the current economic recession in the UK. Whitelock, N. (2003) Tesco’s new recruits see the big picture, Training & Management Development Methods 17(1) pp.801-804. This scholarly resource focuses specifically on Tesco in order to understand how it develops internal management and employee talent to assist in creating a market orientation. The article... In the end, the author sums up with findings and analysis. Based on the research findings, the supplier and consumer controls in the external market drive the majority of the business innovations and competitive marketing that occurs with each major UK food retailer. Where these businesses once used face-to-face concepts for customer service and satisfaction, they are now turning toward technology as part of the changing social demographic in this country. Social media has become more mainstream and so has subscribership to Internet services and consumers are demanding more convenience related to their food purchases. This change in social attitude has significant impact on how the business structures its capital investments and also how they provide goods and services through technology. The recession also shapes the market-orientation of major food retailers in the UK, which has led to more value-conscious and price-sensitive buyers. Since companies in the oligopoly must mimic many of the competitive actions, there are always pricing wars that occur on products that continue to increase and then subsequently decrease market share with major competitors such as Asda and Tesco. Price will shape the future of UK retailing until the recessionary environment has changed and become more stable. The demands of customers and their significant buying power and willingness to defect based on price or perceptions of quality will also determine the shape of the food retailing environment over the next three years.

Resume Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Resume - Research Paper Example Employers do not enjoy reading resumes that are more than two pages long. In fact, information over one page is oftentimes ignored (How to write a resume 2011). To keep your interviewer’s interest, a short, sharp and direct-to-the point resume is best recommended. Such is why the Chronological Resume is considered to be the most popular type of resume (Resume-Writing-Tips.com 2011). In a Chronological Resume, the applicant lists down his job experience and educational background in reverse chronological order, with the most recent being on top of the list. Employers are typically interested in what latest venture an applicant was into. In a study, this format was found to be preferred by 80-85% among surveyed Corporate Human Resources professionals (Resume-Writing-Tips.com 2011). The Chronological resume is best used when presenting an organized career history, with no gaps or indication of a major career change. Employers often need exact employment data for reference, and this format is best suited for this purpose. Another type of resume is the Functional Resume, which highlights ones skills more than his list of accomplishments. The aim of a Functional Resume is to group ones skills and experiences by types of functions (Resume-Writing-Tips.com 2011). This type is not commonly used as it works best for individuals with a poor career history, but has a good set of noteworthy skills. This type can effectively obscure ones work history as it highlights what you can do, without really elaborating on how the skills were acquired. As a result, this type is less favored by employers and was in fact cited to be among employer’s top 10 pet peeves according to Monster.com (Recruiters’ Top 10 resume pet peeves 2011). Employers prefer looking at Chronological Resumes for better evaluation of skills and potentials of its applicants. Interviewers tend to believe that applicants are actually â€Å"hiding† information on

Human Performance Enhancement Technology :: Science Engineering Essays

Human Performance Enhancement Technology One of the funniest things about human nature is that nothing is ever good enough. No matter how good we are at something, there will always be someone in those 6 billion plus who can do it better. My mom told me that when I was a kid playing soccer in the back yard. They don't sound like the words of encouragement you might expect from a nurturing mother to an aspiring child but it was true. No matter how long I practiced, how many goals I scored, games I won, trophies I put on the shelf of my bedroom, there would always be someone, somewhere who could do me one up. When faced with this thought, we have a choice to make. Give up and accept life for what it is, try to enjoy every moment and yield to share the glory with the word, or try harder. Obsess over the prospect of achieving perfection and stop at nothing: all for that that one moment, that one instant when we ARE the best. People are like technology, they may be the newest hottest thing on the market but lined up for years behind them are thousands of advancements and improvements, maybe still in the works, but chomping at the bit to break out on the world and push even farther. So what's the point? What's the moral we are supposed to derive from all this? No moral. No point. Just a thought I think is pertinent to the changing tides out there in the battle we all face to be the best we can be. How far will we take it? What is advancement and what is too much? We live in an interesting time. Information technology is growing rapidly, new products and ideas popping up every day in relation to every field. By the same token biology and chemistry are as strong as they have every been, discoveries in medicine and health care are booming. So what happens when these potent ingredients are thrown together? What happens when we apply IT to biology? Well we already are, we ¡Ã‚ ¦ve been doing it for years. Doctors and Scientists couldn't accomplish anything without their computers. The human Genome project could never have even existed if not for computers and the special software used.

NCR Corporation Essay

NCR Corporation, known as a world leader in ATMs, point-of-sale (POS) retail checkout scanners, and check- in kiosks at airports, announced in June 2009 that it would move its world headquarters from Dayton (OH) to Duluth (GA), a suburb of Atlanta, after more than 125 years. An employer of 1,200 mostly high-salaried, profes- sional workers in Dayton, NCR was enticed to move by Georgia’s offer of more than $56.9 million in tax credits; its fast-growing, educated 25- to 34-year-old population cohort; international offices for 10 European state govern- ments; and the busiest international airport (Atlanta) in the world. aWhat qualitative research might NCR have done to reach this decision? b NCR will use its move to Georgia to downsize its world headquarters workforce. What qualitative research could help NCR determine which of its 1,200 employees will be offered positions in Duluth? Qualitative research is the type of research people use to gain insight into a problem, issue or theory. Qualitative research is an in-depth exploration of what people think, feel or do and, crucially, why. If you want to know identify human behavior and what barriers there may be to their changing that behavior, you would use qualitative research to explore those issues. Qualitative research does not give statistically robust findings. In the case of NCR and their decision to move, focus groups I think would have been utilized to form this decision. This method would have reduced the risk of researcher’s bias. A focus group is basically research that organizations do to gather information about person’s perspectives and opinions about new ideas. Focus group participants are asked questions in an interactive setting and are encouraged to discuss thoughts freely with other participants. The open and free discussions typically generate ideas and can provide a wealth of information for the business or organization. Questions asked of group participants should be based on the objectives of the project. For the decision of which employees to take in the move, one  on one interviews would be a useful qualitative research method. When qualitative research takes the form of an interview, the interviewer asks open-ended questions and simply records what the participant says. The more intimate environment allows participants to talk openly and is particularly appropriate where participants are competitors who would not agree to come together in a focus group. The individual interview is a valuable method of gaining insight into people’s perceptions, understandings and experiences of a given phenomenon and can contribute to in-depth data collection. However, the interview is more than a conversational interaction between two people and requires considerable knowledge and skill on behalf of the interviewer. (Ryan;Coughlan;Cronin,2009) 7.10 Pepsi launched a new global branding campaign based on the concept of live in the moment called â€Å"Live For Now.† It did extensive research prior to the campaign’s launch. What research should be done to determine if the campaign is resonating with worldwide audiences? Qualitative research would be the method that would be uses. Qualitative research follows a semi-structured discussion guide to ensure that all topics under consideration are covered and that the discussion stays relevant. However, the questioning is open and participants are encouraged to explore the reasons for their responses. The discussion process can reveal underlying views and motivations, behavioral triggers and barriers. It can explore reactions to messages, printed material, design features and new products, test understanding of terminology, help generate new concepts and much more. Qualitative research is usually audio-recorded and transcribed. The transcriptions form the data which is then analysed by the moderator. Groups can also be video-recorded and can also be observed in real-time at venues specially designed for that purpose. You can expect a report or a presentation of the findings supported by verbatim quotes from the participants. References Cooper, D. R., & Schindler, P. S. (2014). Business Research Methods. (12th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Frances, R., Coughlin, M., & Cronin, P. (2009). Interviewing in qualitative research: The one-to-one interview. International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation, 16(6), 309-309.

Persepolis and Courage Essay - 653 Words

Persepolis and Courage Marjane Satrapi’s memoir Persepolis is considered a â€Å"coming of age† story based on her experiences growing up in Iran during the Islamic Revolution. This graphic novel explores the life she lead in Tehran which encompassed the overthrow of the Shah’s regime, the triumph of the Islamic Revolution and the devastating effects of war with Iraq. Undergoing life with such a chaotic environment, it took Satrapi courage to act and live as her â€Å"authentic self† and explore what it meant to her to be authentic. Similar to Aristotle, May and Medinas Persepolis examines the concept of courage, through the view of innocence; through Satrapi’s childhood. Firstly, Aristotle discusses the idea of the courage of the†¦show more content†¦Her courage to dress the way that she does and go out in public is a significant moment in which she progresses towards her authentic self. This scenario coincides with May’s statement that â€Å"we are left the responsibility to choose mindfully and have the courage to remain constantly embroiled in the struggle between daring to amplify our inner thoughts or being directed by the external cacophony of seemingly solid imperatives in the world of others† (Medina 289). Satrapi has a choice, and so do we, every day. We make the choice to amplify our thoughts and we must strive to do so otherwise we’ll be drawn into this ambient noise. Furthermore, May discusses three conceptual branches of courage: physical courage, social courage and moral courage. These concepts are evident throughout the graphic novel as Satrapi’s childhood curiosity delves her further into the understanding of the situation she is around. Yet, her child naivetà © blocks her ability to fully comprehend the decisions others are making around her. Her social courage comes from her audacious responses towards her teachers and her moral courage comes from her curiosity and guilt she has as she grows up when she speaks to â€Å"god† In conclusion, the graphic novel Persepolis is a bildungsroman, which develops the character of Marjane Satrapi through the vehicle of courage in developing the conflict of individual vs. society. This relates to the readings of May,Show MoreRelated##jane Satrapis Persepolis And Letter From Birmingham Jail : Character Analysis871 Words   |  4 Pagesa disadvantage even if it endangers yourself is the most admirable thing to do. This argument is demonstrated in both Marjane Satrapi’s Persepolis and in Martin Luther King Jr.’s â€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail†. King and Satrapi both honored their people by fighting for the oppressed, and working towards a government that recognizes rights for all. 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Starting with â€Å"The Complete Persepolis† the book is about Satrapi’s experience as she transitions from a young woman into adulthood in Rasht, Iran and Vienna, Australia during and after the Islamic and culture revolution between the periods of 1979-1995. The first publishedRead MoreThe Women Behind The Veil2291 Words   |  10 PagesIran’s contemporary culture. For this purpose, the veil, which is worn by Iran women, is often identified as a symbol of obedience, respect or modesty which is otherwise an example of an oppressed patriarchal society. Author Marjane Satrapi’s novel Persepolis, exposes the regime behind this oppression of the Iran woman and compares western cultural expectations to that of Iranian culture. Yet, even behind the confinements of the veil many women are finding ways to rebel against the Iranian society’sRead MoreThe Women Behind The Veil2301 Words   |  10 PagesIran’s contemporary culture. 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They also experience prohibition just like the United States in the 1920-1933 and like many countries they didn’t have any freedom. In the

Research Methodology Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1428 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? 3.1: Introduction In this chapter, the methodology being used to conduct this research will be explained. This will lead to the theoretical framework, data collection and the method of data analysis. 3.2: Research design University of Texas at Austin (2010) states that. Research design is a plan outlining on how to gathered information for an assessment or evaluation which includes identifying the data gathering methods, the instruments to be used/created, and how the information will be organized and analyzed. Research design used to structure the research, in order to show how the important parts of the research, such as the samples of groups and the method of assignment to work together to reach the research question (William, M.K., Trochim, 2006). A good research design can provide valid conclusions and suggestion from the research. (William, M.K., Trochim, 2006). https://www.socialresearchmethods.net/kb/design.php (University of Texas)https://www.utexas.edu/academic/diia/assessment/iar/glossary.php Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Research Methodology Finance Essay" essay for you Create order 3.2.1: The purpose of the study The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between CFM and WCM, WCP, WC and CCC and ratio. A descriptive study was initially being undertaken in order to describe the variables of this research. 3.3 Theoretical Framework Independent Variables Gross Profit Net Profit Revenue (sales) Total Assets Total Liability Total Equity Dependent Variables Cash Conversion Cycle Working Capital Management Working Capital Policy Profitability Ratio Liquidity Ratio Figure 14: Research Model for the Research Study Figure 14 is the research model for this research study. The research model had been developed based on the objectives that had been stated down in the chapter 1of this research study. It is the outlines for the research study and it form up by six attributes, namely the independent variables and dependent variables, which is the guideline to conduct the research study. The independent variables in this research study are the six measurement of cash flow. They are gross profit, net profit, revenue, total assets, total liability and total equity. However the dependent variables in this research were CCC, WCP, WCM, profitability ratio and liquidity ratio. The six major features had enabled this research to study the importance of CFM in Tobacco Industry in Malaysia. 3.4 Data Collection Methods According to Saunders et al (2000), there are two types of data; they are primary and secondary data. Secondary data are those data that has already existed or being collected by other researchers for particular purposes and primary data is data that a researcher collects based on his or her own for a specific purpose (Cooper et al 2003). Saunders, M., Lewis, P. Thornhill, A., 2000. Research Methods for Business Students. 2nd ed. Gosport: Pearson Education Limited. Cooper, D.R Schindler, P.S., 2003. Business Research Methods. 8th ed. United States: McGraw-Hill Publication. However, the existed data has made the secondary data the most appropriate sources to be use in this research. Thus, the information needs for this research are accounting data. The secondary accounting data sources can be found in the file or report recorded and reported by accountants. Using secondary data has bringing the advantage of time saving, cheaper, faster and easily accessible while involve in data collection process (Colorado State University, 2010).Those studies employed data from financial statements of sample firms. (Colorado state university) https://writing.colostate.edu/guides/research/survey/com4c2a.cfm 3.4.1: Secondary Data Collection A range of secondary data and information were utilised to obtain the information regarding the definition of cash flow, and the concept of CF in term of WC, planning and control, in order to carry out this research. The Information and data were obtained from various resources. Among the sources, reference books are the major and important sources to on the basic knowledge for Cash Flow (CF) concept. There are substantial numbers of books in the field of financial and management accounting on this topic and valuable literature can be combined by referring to those books as various accounting theorists have explored on this topic. Sources from Butterworths Public Library, Penangs Public Library, and Library in College PTPL Penang are the major information in this research. However, references books do not provide sufficient information in relations to this research. There are some sources from academic journal, newspapers and magazines that provide some other information in t his project. Furthermore, internet web sites are also the importance methods that use to locate the information or sources about the Cash flow Management (CFM) and the company annual report. Normally, internet information will employ World Wide Web because it will provide a useful source to obtain further information regarding to this project. Google is the main internet search engine that being used on this research study. Other than that, Google e-book, e-library of Anglia Ruskin University (ARU) were used to collect the information which written by the author from various country, especially from India and United Kingdom. 96 Using internet resource was unquestionable advantage, where it gives access to internet web sites which contain some valuable articles on this topic. Thus, Internet provides useful sources to collect additional information with regards on this project. In this research study, the data are mostly collected from the financial statements of listed compa nies on the Bursa Malaysia obtained from the Bursa Malaysia Listed Company website for annual reports 2004 to 2009. To focus on the CFM, profitability and liquidity, calculation of management of debtors, creditors, inventory and stock are selected directly from the CFS, balance sheet, and income statement. 3.5: Sample selection The sample size used for this research study was the company in the Tobacco Industry in Malaysia listed on Bursa Malaysia. The sample size for the targeted participants is 80% of the Tobacco Industry in Malaysia. The targeted participants in this research study included two companies in Tobacco Industry in Malaysia, which are British American Tobacco Malaysia Berhad and JT International Malaysia Berhad from year 2004-2009. The samples are selected according to the following criteria: The companies must have completed data for all variables such as cash flow statements, income statements and balance sheets. The companies must have operated during the fiscal year ended December 31. The companies must be listed on the Bursa Malaysia. 3.6: Data Analysis All secondary data obtained from the different sources will be analysed in the order to gain a proper framework. All of these data will be analysed in detailed and summarised in readable and easily interpreted form for addressing the research question accordingly. Data which been collected from the financial annual report will be use to analysed by a few ratio analyses by using the profitability ratios, liquidity ratios, effectiveness of management policies, and cash flow ratios. The results obtained from the analysis are useful in providing answer to the research study. The ratio analyses that bad had been employed in this research study are stated in figure 15. Besides that, the Microsoft Excel also will be using by this research for the purpose to analysis the result of the ratio for these three companies. Broad area of analysis Also known as Ratios Calculation Questions ratio seek to answer Profitability Ratio Earning Capacity Ratio Gross Profit ratio Gross Profit Net sales Is the profit from the sale of product or service sufficient to cover the overheads generated in producing or providing that product or service? Net Profit Ratio Net Profit before tax Net Sales Is the return on the owners investment satisfactory or should alternatives be considered? Return of Equity Ratio Net Profit______ Average of owner equity How effective is the return on the companys investment in these assets? Financial Stability (Liquidity Ratio) Short-term financial stability ratio Cash Ratio Cash_____ Total Assets How much cash in hand the company should hold to meet their short term operation needs? Current Ratio Current Assets___ Current Liabilities Is the company able to pay out the short term debts when required by creditors? Quick Ratio (Acid test ratio) Current Assets Inventory Current Liabilities Can the company meet all its obligations immediately? Long-term financial stability (Solvency Ratio) Debt Ratio Total Liabilities___ Total Assets How financially secure is this company in long term period? Leverage ratio (Gearing ratio) Equity Ratio Total Owner Equity__ Total Assets To what extent the company depend on external finance (Debt/Borrowings)? How much long-term debt financing is being used by the company? Effective of Management Policies Activity ratios Turnover of Inventories ratio Cost of Goods Sold__ Average Inventory How frequent is the inventory being order to generate revenue Turnover of accounts receivable rate Account Receivable X 365 Net Credit Sales How effectively the company collect the cash from debtors to ensure steady cash flow? Any bad debts arise? Figure 15: Table of ratios Total 1022

No Other Beverage Compares to Water Essay - 1054 Words

There are many beverages available to drink through out the day with varying prices. After a long muscle aching work out at the gym, a scorching hot, like the oven, summer day at the beach, or just looking for a cold refreshing beverage to drink through out the stressing day, there is no other choice that fits the requirements of ice cold, thirst quenching, crystal clear water. Ice cold water is not only need to quench your thirst but also, for medical reasons such as proper maintenance and lubrication of your organs and joints. It assists in the purification, removal of toxins, and waste from your body. If you are looking to lose weight, it also contributes to that. Water is a very essential liquid that everyone needs more than they†¦show more content†¦When it comes to replacing essential elements needed from exercising, studies have shown this statement is only true when it comes to extreme exercising over a long period of time, such as a triathlon (â€Å"The Soko† ). Some drinks such as Tiger Woods gatorade may have extra ingredients such as sugar, vitamins, electrolytes or caffeine. Mineral enhanced water typically contains salts and carbon dioxide. These items can cause medical problems if the person is unaware of its contents. The extra sodium can cause fluid retention and swelling or increase blood pressure. These products are not necessary for the additional price they charge consumers. If there is not enough water being consumed there is a chance of dehydration. Dehydration symptoms consist of pounding headaches, lethargy, confusion, weakness, dry chapped lips, and leather like dry skin. People with the highest risk are elderly and small children. As the body ages, normal processes are much slower. Mental awareness combined with use of diuretics, laxatives, and limited mobility increases their risk for severe dehydration. Most elderly people have less food intake which will increase their need to consume water. Babies are at high risk also when they get sick. Increased excretions, vomiting, and diarrhea can quickly put the child in a dehydration state. It becomes important for the parents to watch like a hawk for signs of dehydration such as: cold clammy skin, lethargy,Show MoreRelatedFinancial Report Analysis : Coca Cola And Pepsico1020 Words   |  5 PagesFinancial Report Analysis: Coca-Cola and PepsiCo Coca-Cola and PepsiCo are the most iconic and globally known biggest soft drink companies, and their products and beverages are sold around the world. It seems that their battle in the non-alcoholic beverage drinking industry never ends. Among consumers, it is challenging to decide which of the two leading soft drinks they prefer because the both companies’ products are taking over the soft drink markets by its brand name, and the variety of products’Read MoreData Of A Manage System Essay1638 Words   |  7 Pagesmanage scheme. 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Emergence of Communicative Language Teaching Free Essays

Discuss the three terms â€Å"Approach†, â€Å"Method† and â€Å"Technique† and describe one Approach which provides the basis for a Method and subsequently some Techniques under that particular Method. APPROACH Theories about the nature of language and language learning Theory of language Structural Functional Interactional METHOD Objectives Organization of Content Syllabus Design Roles 1. Learner2. We will write a custom essay sample on Emergence of Communicative Language Teaching or any similar topic only for you Order Now Teacher3. Materials Types of Interaction Types of activities Content Based TECHNIQUEImplementation of the design Classroom Practice Activities behavior’s In English language teaching process, there are terms that teachers need to know. They are approach, method, and technique. About four decades ago (1963) Edward M. Anthony gave us a definition that has admirably withstood the test of time. According to Edward M. Anthony an approach is a set of correlative assumptions dealing with the nature of the language and the nature of language teaching and learning. In other words the word ‘approach’ in ELT refers to different theories about the nature of language and how languages are learned. Let us move on to our second definition – of method. Method is an overall plan for systematic presentation of language based on selected approach. It consists of a number of techniques, arranged in an order. When we talk about techniques we mean specific activities which take place in a classroom. Using flash cards in the classroom is a technique. Techniques must be consistent with a method, and therefore in harmony with an approach too. According to Longman Dictionary of Applied Linguistics, Approach refers to different theories about the nature of the language and how languages are learned. Method refers to a way of teaching a language based on systematic principles. It is an application of views on how language is taught and learned. Technique refers to what takes place in the classroom. The forthcoming analysis focuses on the behaviourist approach, the audio lingual method and different drilling techniques. The Audio-Lingual Method The Audio-lingual method is a style of teaching used in teaching foreign languages. It is based on behaviorist theory. Behaviourist theory professes that certain traits of living things could be trained through a system of reinforcement. The Audio-lingual method was widely used in the United States and other countries in the 1950’s and 1960’s. The theory underlying Audio-lingual method is that ‘language is primarily speech’. If listening and speaking skills were developed, they would form the foundation for developing reading and writing skills. As learning a language is acquiring a certain set of habits, this method recommends that the teachers of English should take up pronunciation practice, pattern drills and conversation practice in their classroom regularly. Another principle that has become the basis for this method is that all of us have learnt our languages by listening to the language spoken by others and speaking it starting with monosyllabic disyllabic sounds. According to ELT experts a second language can be learnt in this way. The Audio-lingual method is a method that deals with a behaviorist theory that uses stimulus, response, and reinforcement. STIMULUSRESPONSEREINFORCEMENT Here are some psychological foundations of the Audio-lingual method. Foreign language learning is basically a process of mechanical habit formation. Good habits are formed by giving correct responses rather than by mistakes. By memorizing dialogues and performing pattern drills the chances of producing mistakes are minimized. Language is verbal behaviour. Language skills are learned more effectively if they are presented orally first, then in written or printed form. An analogy provides a better foundation for language learning than analysis. Analogy involves the process of generalization and discrimination. Explanation of how language functions under certain rules is not given by the teacher. Students should practice a pattern in different contexts and arrive at the analogy between the first and the second language. The teaching of grammar is best done inductively rather than deductively. The meanings that the words of a language have for the native speaker can be learnt only in a linguistic and cultural context and not in isolation. Teaching a language thus involves teaching aspects of the cultural system of that people who speak the language. Dialogues and drills form the basis of Audio-lingual classroom practices. The use of drills and pattern practice is a distinctive feature of the Audio-lingual method. Various kinds of drills are used. Types of Oral Drills Repetition: where the student repeats an utterance as soon as he hears it Teacher: This is the seventh month. Student: This is the seventh month Inflection: Where one word in a sentence appears in another form when repeated Teacher: I ate the sandwich. Student: I ate the sandwiches. Replacement: Where one word is replaced by another Teacher: He bought the car for half-price. Student: He bought it for half-price. Restatement: The student re-phrases an utterance Teacher: Tell me not to smoke so often. Student: Don’t smoke so often! Completion: where the student repeats the utterance in completed form. Techer: I’ll go my way and you go. Student: I’ll go my way and you go yours. Instruction materials in the Audio-lingual method assist the teacher to develop language mastery in the learner. †¢Tape recorders †¢Audiovisual equipments †¢Language laboratory In the late 1950s, the theoretical underpinnings of the method were questioned by linguists such as Noam Chomsky, who pointed out the limitations of structural linguistics. Despite being discredited as an effective teaching methodology in 1970, audio-lingualism continues to be used today. REFERENCES ?Richard. C. Jack and Rodgers. S. Theodore. 2003. Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching . The Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge. ?Rao Venugopal, K. 2002. Methods of Teaching English. Neelkamal Publications. pvt. ltd ? Allen, B. Teaching English as a Second Language. 1965. ?http//www. mindmeister. com ?http://en. Wikipedia. Org/wiki/audio-lingual-method How to cite Emergence of Communicative Language Teaching, Essay examples

Business Activities to Achieve Result

Question: Describe about the Managing Business Activities to Achieve Result. Answer: Introduction: Zurich insurance group deals with the providence of insurance and other financial services to different individuals and business. Zurich group developing themselves with 130 years of experience in their background, which made them one of the biggest insurance providing group in the world. Their business is expanded among 170 countries all over the world with 60,000 employees. The transaction is done between the 300,000 clients all over the world through the telephone and other online activities. The providence of policies are limited to the properties, cars, accident and life. The potential factor behind their aim is that, they provide financial support to the person or business when these are facing some circumstances. In case of the life and health insurances, people get assurance about the financial support if there is any accidental case or they are not in proper state to do work. Interrelationship between the process and functions of Zurich Insurance Group: Missions and Aims: According to the context of the report, the aim of the Zurich is to maintain the quality of their services. Their service generally includes policies and financial support to the business or to the individual at their circumstantial situation. The Zurich is focusing only into the quality they are offering to their customers for making their organization differentiated from other competitive service providing companies. Mission focuses on the core building block of any organization, here this is clarified by the organization that they are totally dedicated to bring themselves to the position, where they are considered as the best global insurer according to the measurement of their clients (shareholders, employees and customers). There are five major elements, which are the considered as the code of conduct of Zurich: Centricity of the customer, honesty, superiority, creation of values in a sustainable manner, group work (Kirkbesoglu et al.2015) Objectives and culture: The main objective of Zurich is to take care of the risk factors of their clients i.e. their shareholder, individual insurance holders. The organization continuously scans the risk scenery for the identification of the risk elements emerging from different issues. There are specialized expertises to help the clients with their issues related to risks. In case of the service industries, cultural impact is very crucial for them to be involved into their objectives and goals. Nothing is different in case of Zurich also. The organization supports the arts and culture with the excellent audiences. The concept of Zurich from the cultural perspective is that, they supports cultural and artistic atmosphere, as they belief that it is quite mandatory for the working environment. According to the business point of view, clients get more attracted by the cultural perception of the company. Justification of processes to cope up with the objectives: There must be some sort of implementation of ideas to maintain the position in the competitive market. The following can easily explain the methodologies involved into the fulfilling goal: Expectation of the customers: The expectations of the customers in case of Zurich easily meet as Zurich always focus on: 1. The clear identification of the customer needs, 2. Effective procedure and planning, 3. Collection of the right resources for the particular job, 4. Providence of the employee training to make the employee customer focused., 5. Appropriate target setting, 6. Measure of the progress The main target of Zurich is to maintain their quality of the product. This quality delivered to their customer is known as the iQUALITY. This aspect defines what is known as the quality in Zurich. The employees are always reminded that quality is the key part of the interaction they are doing with their customers. The rule followed by the employees of the Zurich is that, the trends going in the market have to be examined by the employees to consider the developmental aspect of the organization. The customer expectation can be easily meet by finding the beneficial rights and elements, analyze the demands of the customer while considering their competitive alternatives (Henschke et al. 2013) Control of Quality: The process maintaining quality also involves the control of the quality. Zurich not only introduces the different aspect for inventing quality among their services but also they invest their time in different aspects of controlling it. This can be done by collecting the feedback response of the customers. Zurich check their providing if they becoming sub-standard to their customer or not, as this will harm their image in the market (Neto et al. 2012) Evaluation of the processes: The above mentioned processes are implemented by the Zurich Insurance group to attract their customers and improvise their business goals in the competitive market. They are mainly focusing in the sector of the controlling the quality of services and meeting the expectation of their customers. This company is based on the providence of insurances to the individual and business holders in their circumstantial situations. They follow iQUALITY control which is totally invented by their employees for maintaining their customer demands in various situations. This approach is much improvised in terms of competitiveness of the marketing. Maintaining the quality of services are very crucial for the getting the attracted towards the customers. Zurich understands their customers by analysing various situations of circumstances. Another additional approach, which is followed by the Zurich, is the TQM. This is the base on the any quality management process. Which guide the organization from diff erent perspective of problematic situation? This aspect is the strong point of Zurich. According to the research findings, it is totally not possible to remove the errors from a business process. At this state of situation one organization should have to check the errors first and then have to recognize the factors those can be improvised and changed for the betterment of the process. According to the judgment of the outputs of Zurich insurance group, their effective measure is the five WHY approaches used to eliminate the errors from the strategic business process. According the above mentioned process involved into the improvement of the developmental aspect of Zurich, it is clear that, all the policies well designed considering the customer demands, which make them appropriate in competitive market (Yakob et al. 2014) Designing of plans by production manager Planning is an activity that is managed by the production manager. Managing production includes determination of schedule of production, sequence of production etc. There are many goals and objectives that are implemented by the production manager in order to produce goods that are good in quality and quantity services. The main objectives of production manager are: To produce right quality: the quality of product that is produced depends on the demand and needs of the customer. The engineering department or the product design specification helps in transforming the needs of the customer. The cost superiority trade off helps in determining the quality of the product. The quality of the product must be within pre-establishment cost (O'Sullivan et al. 2013) To produce right quantity: the number of products that are produced by the organisation should be in right number. If the number of product produced is less in number as compared to the demand, then there will be shortage of products. To determine production schedule: time is one of the most important factors that helps in determining the effectiveness of production manager. There are many factors that determine the appropriate completion of production on time. For achieving the objective, the production manager must implement rules for optimum utilization of inputs. manufacturing To determine manufacturing cost: the cost of the product is established before its manufacturing. At the pre-established cost, it is the task of the production department to produce or manufacture products. Objectives In order to meet the demands and expectation of the customers and to ensure the fact that the customers of Zurich brand have positive experience, it focuses on Identifying the needs of the customer: it is one of the most important tasks before the production manager. The needs of the customer should be identified in order to fulfil them. The quality and quantity of product that is produced depends o the needs of the customer. Therefore it is one of the prior tasks of the production manager to know the requirements of the product. Planning and process that must be effective: the production manager mush involve in planning and implementation of policies that are necessary for proper production of products. Right resource or the job should be kept in right place: the use of resources should be done by the production manager. For achieving the objective, the production manager must implement rules for optimum utilization of inputs. Setting up targets that must be appropriate: the target of the Zurich brand must be kept in mind before implementing polices and rules. The setting of proper targets helps in proper production. As production depends on the target ordered by the customers. : The number of products that are produced by the organisation should be in right number. If the number of product produced is less in number as compared to the demand, then there will be shortage of products. Implementation of strategy Many different types of forms are accepted by the organizational system. For example, an organization like Google can use simple post it reminder or a form of routine or schedule that is assumed by the company. It is very much important to have challenging goals and objectives that can be acknowledged. It is not always good for an organization to set goal and objectives that are unachievable because that can discourage an employee. The earlier set objectives of the company act as a guiding factor. In this type of organization, emphasis is firstly offered on the setting of the objectives (Slack 2015) In order to make the system effective, it is the task of the leaders and employees to comprehend the objectives of their task. The manager of the Google Company does not have always gasped of objectives on which they work. Sometimes they have to work for implementing or setting objectives. The corporate leaders of the company participate in financial marketing, human resources, innovation etc. There must be a good relation between the employees of the organization. For having good relation many strategies are followed by Google. The strategies include: Proper communication Know about the customers Live for the complaints of the customer Building trust among the customers Improvement of customer service Practise of inbound marketing The policies or the rules that are implemented should be done inherently in order to avoid duplication and it is very much essential to have an operational manager.Operational plan through effective planning The production manager took the responsibilities of operational plan. For example, Google has appointed a production manager. It is the task of the production manager to inform the employees of the company about strategic plan. This is helpful for Google as the plan helps in increasing the return to shareholders. The first step that is taken by the production manager is to cut cost. Layoffs are avoided in the next step and it is the task of the production manager to increase the cost by three per cent. It was asked by the manager to help him in planning an operational plan for achieving the goals and objectives of the company. The operational plan that is made by the production manager is very much helpful for Google. The operational plan that is implemented, have detailed information about the operations of the employees. The operational plan includes the daily tasks that are completed by the organization and its staff. The operational plan that is implemented by the production manager of Google includes: To know the strategies and task that have been undertaken To know the persons who have undertaken those tasks To know how much time is needed in the completion of a single task To know how much resources are required in order to complete each strategy. Therefore, it is very much needed to implement the operational planning properly. This is because it helps in increasing the production of the company which will in return help in achieving the objectives of the concerned company (Manzini and Accorsi 2013) Quality Standards for Zurich Insurance group There are several ways to manage the quality. The quality s measured at the end of process to make sure that no sub processes reach to the customers. This process is known as quality control. The method is mostly used in production manufacturing. The process includes testing a sample of the product. Putting things at the right place will be costly. It must be ensured that there must be extra product in order to replace the faulty ones. Cost is also associated in terms of managing and putting the products at the right place (Bagnis et al.2014) iQuality standards are not enough to maintain the quality control approach, in a service industry. This is due to the reason as many services are only realised, as they are delivered to the customers. For example, Zurich can only deal with a claim policy when the customers of thee company claims. Due to the reason, business uses other ways for managing the quality. The quality standards for Zurich insurance group are: Assurance: one of the main approaches is providing quality standards. Quality is not considered as the last processes but it is very much important for Zurich insurance group. This is for meeting the demands and expectations of the customers. TQM: total quality management is necessary for Zurich insurance group. The aim of the insurance company to have Zero defects in their overall process. TQM helps Zurich insurance group in improving both the customers and processes in the business. Quality: Zurich insurance group have an approach to use all the above methods. Firstly the insurance group uses IQUALITY to embody with TQM in order to bring life n the minds of the customers. The second step taken by Zurich is to manage the sampling of customer care such as benefit statement provided by the customers. The experience of the employees will be helpful in measuring the standard quality. Demonstration of quality culture In order to maintain the quality of the processes, a business needs some key measures that will be helpful for them in meeting the standards.. for example, it depends on the measurement that how a company respond to the queries of the customers. Zurichs UK life deals with million calls, emails and letter in a month. This is done in order to answer the queries of the customers. It is very much important of a business to capture regularly the products in order to review the results of the quality. review of the product helps in identifying the problems and the preventive measures that will be helpful in preventing the problem. Identified problems may can arise many problems. Quality framework is used by the Zurich in order to review the results regularly. The insurance company uses many measures that will be helpful and some of its measures are set by the outside bodies such as BSI. UK Zurich is regulated with the help of the Financial Services Authority. This set some rules and regula tion in order to cover all the aspects of insurance business (Thornton et al. 2016) Zurich measures The measures that are taken by the insurance company go beyond the requirements and standards of FSI. The company aims to became the best insurer, which is measured by all the stakeholders if the company. One of the most important aspects of customer focussed business is to know the levels of customer satisfaction. Large customer satisfaction is reflected through repeated business. The company involves in market research with large number of customers. The employee of the company who undergoes market research explains the manager about the different facts. They explain how the company is meeting the demands of its customers. Zurich uses some independent measures for meeting the expectations and demand of the customers. Customers are asked to rate the performance of the company as Zurich has a customer impact scheme. The ratings of the customers are positive, and they show that Zurich has aligned to the objectives of the business. Another measure take by the company is known as inward awards. The measure helps in measuring how well the business of Zurich is delivering. Recent Zurich got a number of awards that clarifies the quality of processes it provides to its customers (Maercker et al. 2013) Report to the manager It is a report written to the customer care of Zurich insurance group foe wider implication of proposed changes. Zurich insurance group deals with the providence of insurance and other financial services to different individuals and business There are wide implications of the strategies that are discussed. The implication helps in managing the quality of the processes. It requires huge investment in the field of management system. The costs that are required for running the large scale customer service are very much significant both in time and money. The future business must be made more quality conscious. As it helps in business recognizing the investment of the customers properly and benefit them by outweighing the amount of cost they have invested. Quality of the product also provides benefits to the business. The Zurich insurance company gain efficient processes. Some benefits cannot be measured but they are important for adding values within the business. In the financial market, product and services are very much similar to customers. It is necessary to produce positive experience among the customers. This will be helpful in renewing the policies and services. New policies will be helpful in changing or renewing old policies. Managing quality should not disappoint customers. It is concluded that a quality of a product does thing what it supposed to do. the main task of the product is to meet the needs and requirements of the target market. There quality of a product depends on the expectation of customers and here few new policies are recommended for future use. Risk assessment Proper analysis and evaluation will be carried out on the requirements of Mr. Audesi, who wants to open a restaurant in the heart of London. Risks are an unavoidable part of any business. Risks are divided into two categories that are controllable and uncontrollable risks. A business plan is analyzed to discuss and evaluate the risk assessment factors. The evaluation and discussion of those risk assessment factors will be helpful for Mr. Audesi. The various risk and challenges are: Market risk: it is a usual factor that market may not grow as expected for a start up business. Therefore, it may cause cash crisis. The entrepreneur may be helping in supplying the product and services to a single consumer and the business of their customers is subject to economic environment. As a result, hostile environment will slow down affecting the business (Pichler et al.2014) Competition risks: in a growing market, low entry barriers attract customers. It is the task of the existing players to retain customers. They do it by superior service or by program related with the loyalty of the customers. Risk related with technology: entire business of this era is revolutionized by the internet. with the help of the internet a customer can measure prices or compare services that are related with quality service etc. manufacturing paradigm is already changing with the help of the 3D printing. As a result, cost will be lower even if a single piece is manufactured. Risk related with finance: cost of finance go high or low according to the supply rate. Management related risk: the serious threat to management is caused by the mal-practices, theft and non-compliance of statutory requirements. Regulatory risk: The laws that are made by the government affect financial viability of the business. Safety and healthy regulation The risk assessment shows the kind of approach that is selected by the business. Risk assessment act as a guide in order to think some of the hazards related with the restaurant business. The risk assessment policy is applied in food preparation and food service areas of the restaurants. Taking an example, of a restaurant, health and safety regulations are applied. Noma is a renowned restaurant of Denmark. The restaurant has well known policies that help in spreading safety and healthy environment (Stier 2013) To identify the hazards in the restaurant Noma, it is the task of the manager to do the following things: Provides maintenance in catering and hospitality Monitoring kitchen, stockroom etc Communicate with the staff of the restaurant Analyses the accident book, in order to know and understand the different types of risk that can occur. This is helpful in spreading safety and healthy regulation throughout the restaurant. Health and safety policies: Health and safety policies are very crucial for starting a restaurant. Health and safety program is defined as the process of considering the safety and health measure of their customers. Here the concerned organization is Noma from Denmark. They mainly follows seven step measures for maintain their safety and health measures. These are discussed as follows: Developing a safety plan while considering the controlling of hazardous condition: As the organization is concerned about their customer demands and other activities for maintaining a restaurant in well designed manner. Inspection of the Workplace: The hygiene can be maintained by monitoring the equipments used in the restaurant. Providence of training to the worker: The business of restaurant requires well trained employees to entertain their customer according to their demands. In this matter Noma is at its best. Interaction between the worker and higher authority: This aspect is very important to maintain the co-ordination between the employees of Noma and they follow it regularly, which make them perfect among all their competitors. Investigation of the incidents: Noma always keep check on the events happening in the organization for correcting the errors and adding up the innovative ideas. Maintenance of records: The record is also very crucial for maintaining the health and safety measures of the organization. The different kind of erroneous issues regarding safety and health measure involve the customers. They can blame the restaurant for providing bad service to them. Safety measures: Safety should the first consideration of any restaurant owner for their consumers. Commitment to the safety measures is mandatory to the business of the restaurant. The customers mostly get attracted to the safety and health measures of the restaurants (Siqueiraet al.2014) Training guidance for the employees: Training is very essential for setting up a restaurant. Proper training to the employees makes the image of the restaurant good in front of the customers. Well-behaved employees with particular sense of approaching the customer make them perfect in their business. The basic concepts of behind the guidelines for the employees of a restaurant are: proper handling of food, well behaved attitude towards the customer, quality of the food, atmosphere of the restaurant, decoration of the place, and at last the location of the restaurant. These above mentioned factors should be maintained to achieve success in the competitive market. the most important aspect among these all are the quality of food and the location of the restaurant. The food served to the customers should be in good quality; decoration of the food sometimes attracts the customers, so it is necessary to decorate the food properly. Alcohol plays an significant role in the liability of the restaurant. Therefore, it is necessar y for the employees of the restaurant to know the age limit of the customer before serving alcohol. 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